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The working principles of helicopters

Here is an article about helicopter working principles. Further down you find a presentation of some model planes using electric motors and other hobby items, including remote control hobby helicopters.

 

THE WORKING PRINCIPLES OF HELICOPTERS

The hobby helicopters presnted above are operated by the same mechanical and aerodynamilcal prinsiples as a full scale helicopter.

Helicopter lift is obtained by means of one or more power driven horizontal propellers which called Main Rotor. When the main rotor of helicopter turns it produces lift and reaction torque. Reaction torque tends to make helicopter spin. On most helicopters, a small rotor near the tail which called tail rotor compensates for this torque. On twin rotor helicopter the rotors rotate in opposite directions, their reactions cancel each other, the same is through about the four-rotor hobby helicopters depicted above.

 

Main rotor

The main rotor produces the lifting force. Each blade produces an equal share of the lifting force so that the weight of a helicopter is divided evenly between the rotor blades. If the helicopter also accelerates up, the rotor also has to provide for the force needed for acceleration. Furthermore it has to provide the force to overcome air resistence towards the helicopter due to upward motion.

 

Tail rotor

The spin of the main rotor will make a force on the rest of the helicopter that brings it to spinning in the opposite direction if something does not counteract this spinning. This is called torque reaction. The tail rotor compensates for this torque thus holding the helicopter straight. On twin-rotors helicopter or the four rotor hobby helicopters, the rotors spin in opposite directions, canceling out this reaction. The tail rotor in normally linked to the main rotor via a system of driveshafts and gearboxes , that means if the main rotor makes one turn , the tail rotor is also turn a definite number of times. Most helicopter have the tail rotor turn 3 or 6 times for each turn of the main rotor.

 

Lifting dissymmetry

All rotor is allways experiencing Dissymmetry of Lift in forward flight . As the helicopter gain air speed , the advanceing blade develops greater lift because of the increased airspeed and the retreating blade will produce less lift , causing the helicopter to roll. This has to be compensated for in some way . The compensation is mostly effectuated passively by blade flapping. Increased airspeed and lift on the advancing blade will cause the blade to flap up and decreasing the angle of attack . The decreased lift on the retreating blade will cause the blade to flap down and increasing the angle of attack . This combination equalizes the lift over the two halves of the rotor disc.

 

Regulating the force of the main or tail rotor.

This is usually done on a real helicopter by regulating the angle of the rotor blades without changing the speed of the rotors, thus giving the rotors more or less power. At the same time the force of the motor must be regulated up or down by adding or decreasing the gas given. In a hobby helicopter the force may be regulated by changeng the speed of the rotors because the mechanical system used here is simpler.

 

Regulating the flying direction for the helicopter

A helicopter can hover still in the air, fly forewords, backwords or sidewords. This is done by tilting the helicopter main rotor so that a component of the force from the rotor points in the wanted flying direction. The vertical force component of course still is used to make the helicopter hover. The force used by the motor must also be regulated so that it deliveres enough force both for the horisontal component and the vertical component.

 

The mechanical regulation of the rotor blade angles and tilting.

This is done by the folowing mechanism in a real helicopter.

Swash Plate Assembly : The swash plate assembly consists of two primary elements through which the rotor mast passes, one of which is a disc, linked to the cyclic pitch control. This disc can of tilt in any direction but does not rotate as the rotor rotates. This non-rotating disc is attached by a bearing surface to a second disc, often refered to as the which turns with rotor and linked to the rotor blade pitch horns.

The Collective Control : When pilot raises the collective control or pull collective control up , the collective control will raises the entire swash plate assembly as a unit . This has effect to the blades by changing the angle of all blades simultaneously.This causes to increase angle of attack and give more lift.

The Cyclic Control : The pilot has a so-called cyclic control stick at his disposal. The cyclic control will push one side of the swashplate assembly up or down, so that the rotor will be angled in the desired direction. This causes the helicopter to move left or right, forward or backward.

In a hobby helicopter, the remote control system is usually more authomatic, freeing the pilot from thinking about blade angles or tilting. He only has to decide if he will move up or down, in what direction and at what speed.

 

 

Online hobby equipment store

Welcome to this online store for hobby articles. Buying hobby equipment online, you can get it for a better prize than from your local stores. Often you can also find items or product variants you do not find locally.

By clicking on the banners below, you will enter a specialized online store for each cathegory. There you can learn more about or order each product exhibited on this page, and many other products of the same cathegory.

 

REMOTE CONTROL AIRCRAFTS

You see here some examples of models available. By clicking at the buy-buttons, you will also find links to a lot of other models and other hobby items.

A huge store of helicopter models and helicopter accessories - In this store there are all cathegories of remote controle helicopter models. There are simple helicopters that are easy fo fly for a smalll child. There are models of medium sophistication. You also find advanced RC helicopters made for acrobatic flights or flights high up and far away. You can also find all kinds of spare parts and equipments for helicopter models. You can for example find remote controle digital camera equipment to install on the helicopter. There are also a lot of basic modules you can combine to put together your own helicopter as you like it to be.

 

Remote control electric aircraft - extremely easy to fly

Watt-Age Wind Craft RTF R/C Kite RC Electric Airplane - Ch 1 (27.195 mhz)

Watt-Age Wind Craft RTF R/C Kite RC Electric Airplane - Ch 1 (27.195 mhz)

The Wind Craft kite-plane from WattAge makes R/C easy, fun, and versatile. The Wind Craft is a complete, ready to fly aircraft requiring only a few minutes to assemble (using the included screwdriver) and 8 AA batteries for the transmitter. The plane uses a special rechargeable battery and charger that is included! It's available on two different frequencies so you can fly with your friends even if they have the Tigershark. Takeoff and land from the ground if you like, fly in small areas, learn to control your Wind Craft with precision and you'll be tearing up the skies and completing daring low-altitude maneuvers! You can do it because the Wind Craft's reliable dual-propeller direction control and kite-style wing and very low weight provide incredible stability, predictability, and control. In short, the Wind Craft is Easy and Fun to Fly!


Blade runner Remote control helicopter with two contararotating rotors

Blade Runner Full Function RC Electric Helicopter (27mhz)

Blade Runner Full Function RC Electric Helicopter (27mhz)

The Bladerunner indoor helicopter is ready to fly forwards or backwards, left or right with precision control. The unique co-axial rotors counter-rotate for unprecedented stability. Light and safe, this heli will transform any indoor environment into a cool chopper fly zone. Comes with everything (r/c transmitter, flight battery, charger and instructions) needed to become airborne in minutes. Includes the latest technology in batteries-LiPo, charger and radio-control transmitter. Fully assembled, so you can become an ace chopper pilot immediately. It gives upto 8 minute of flying time from a 20 minute charge. It has complete 3-channel proportional control and manoeuvrability.


Dark Knight 3-D CP SRC 6-CH helicopters.

Dark Knight 3D CP SRC 6CH Electric RTF Helicopter

Dark Knight 3D CP SRC 6CH Electric RTF Helicopter

Fully assembled and ready for take-off, the Dark Knight 3D-CP SRC 6CH  helicopter is completely pre-assembled and ready to fly 3D helicopter with many of the features modelers look for in a helicopter. Simply charge the aircraftâ€s battery, insert eight AA batteries into the remote control transmitter and the fun can start. The 6-channnel remote control ensures perfect reception at all time.



Electric remote controle airplane

RC J-3 Grasshopper Scale 1:10 Electric Airplane

RC J-3 Grasshopper Scale 1:10 Electric Airplane

The J3 Grasshopper 1:10 Scale Electric RC Airplane delivers plenty of flying fun in one convenient package. Requiring no tools or glue for assembly, the reinforced main wing arrives in one piece and ready for installation. Within minutes of opening the box, the J3 Grasshopper 1:10 Scale Electric RC Airplane is ready for flight. The huge 3 foot wingspan features a design that delivers the stability needed by new pilots, yet allows experienced pilots to perform loops, rolls and other stunts. The J3 Grasshopper 1:10 Scale Electric RC Airplane includes rechargable batteries, charger, and transmitter, everything you need to get flying.



Special collection of nitro driven models

This is a very great collection of nitro diven airplane models with various motor technologies.



REMOTE CONTROL CARS

Please click on the product link to see more about the exhibited product or other models.

Kyosho Mini-Z Racer MR-02MM BMW M3 GTR Electric RC Car RTR

Kyosho Mini-Z Racer MR-02MM BMW M3 GTR Electric RC Car RTR

With the motor mounted in front of the rear axle, the MR-02MM has greater maneuverability and a motor mounting position that is truly racecar inspired. Along with the mid mounted motor, the MR02-MM also has many wheelbase options to match many of your favorite body styles. Couple this with Kyosho high quality ReadySet radio system and you can see why Mini-Z's are the best in this category!


Whisker Top Speed Racer RC Electric Car

Whisker Top Speed Racer RC Electric Car

This high speed Whisker Top Speed Racer RC Electric Car comes with a rechargeable battery and charger. This Whisker Top Speed Racer RC Electric Car comes ready to race right out of the box! This baby is sweet and super fast, and can reach very high speeds. You also get a uniquely designed LCD transmitter.


Nitro and electric driven redcats: Examples: Hurricane XP PRO, Monsoon XP, Avalamche XP, Tornado BP, Tsunami, Tsunami ultrawide, Volcano SV SV Pro, Tremor ATV XTB XtG XTK XTR. Electric redcats: Lightning XTK, Tornado EPX, Tsunami EPX, Volcano EPXr.

 

 

HOBBY ITEMS OF ALL KINDS

Wireless models of aircrafts cars and boats. Electronic sets, telescopes, computers and a lot more. Models in all size and prize cathegories, and suitable for all ages. Electric driven models that are suitable for indoor and outdoor use, and extreme speedy gas driven models for the advanced modeller.

Trend Times Toy Store

 

 

HAVE FUN DESIGNING YOUR OWN CLOTHES - and get them sent to you as you have designed them

Create your T-shirts, underwear, sportswear and other clothes as you want them yourself with SpreadShirt designer - By clicking at the banners here, you will find a flash-based tool that you can use to design your own clothes. You can give them the background colors and patterns you want, choose drawings and place them where you want on the clothes, and create texts to place on strategic sites on the clothes. You can then purchase the clothes of your own design and get them sent to you within 48 hours.

If you live in America, please click at this banner.

Spreadshirt Designer

If your home is in UK, please click here.

Spreadshirt Designer

 

 

WATCHES

Many famous brands for affordable prices are like: Citizen , Casio , Chase-Durer , Hamilton , Movado , Oakley , Pulsar, Seiko , Suunto watches

 Looking for a Watch? - Try Princeton Watches!

Shop for Dive Watches - Best Price & Selection

Shop for Seiko Watches at Great Prices

 

 

PARTS AND EQUIPMENT FOR YOUR CAR HOBBY

Here are tree online shops with affordable parts and equipment for your car. All shops have much of the same equipment, but the titles over the banner, indicates what area each shop is best at.

Technical parts for repair and performance

APW: Discount Auto Parts + FREE Shipping

 

Internal and external equipment and comodities, car electronics and GPS navigation

Lowest Price For One Year Guaranteed!

 

Comodities to take with you on your journey, car electronics, workshop tools.

Auto Barn - Shop on-line at our 5-Star Rated Site

 

Books reading materials and elecronic media about cars and other motor vehicles - By clicking at this banner you will find a grat range of  books, calendars, manuals, videos and collectibles about:  Modern and classic cars, auto racing, motorcycles, trucks, tractors, trains, boats, aviation, military history, bicycles, americana, and collectibles.

Best Selection of Enthusiast Books

 

Store with tools for any hobby activity - and car equipment like GPS navigation units - By clicking at this banner you get into a superstore with every kinds of tools you can use by your hobby activities. You also find garden equipment, cooking equipment, herbs and herbal preparations and a lot more. You also find many kinds of car equipment.

Car tools and much more

 

CAMERAS, BINOCULARS, NIGHT VISION DEVICES, TELESCOPES, OPTICS

Here are two examples of optical devices. Through the product links you can find whole collections of telescopes, binoculars, night vision devices and microscopes.

Quest 5 Binocular Night Vision Device from Night Detective®

Quest 5 Binocular Night Vision Device from Night Detective®

Although compact and lightweight, Night Detective® BQ 5 is a powerful Night Vision binocular featuring 5x optical magnification and two carefully calibrated Generation 1 Image Intensifier Tubes. Efficient circuit design delivers extended operational times from a single battery source. Multicoated all-glass lenses enhance the sharpness of the image and reduce glare. Modern design combined with technological excellence makes ND BQ5 essential unit for any situation that involves nighttime observations. Infrared illuminator is built in to allow operation in complete darkness. Perfect for campers, hunters, detectives, police officers, surveillance work and much more. Two premium quality Generation 1 Image Intensifier Tubes 5x image magnification Multicoated lenses for higher precision Built-in Infrared illuminator Efficient circuit design Comes in its own protective shoulder bag for comfortable transportation Technical Specifications: Generation: 1 Magnification: 5x Range of View(feet): 675 Power Supply: 3v lithium (not included) Weight (lbs): 2.7 Dimensions (in): 7 x 6.4 x 2.4 Focal Length (in): 3.15 Aperture: 1/1.7 Focusing Range ( feet ): 12'-infinity According to the manufacturer, this first generation item typically uses an S-20 photo cathode (with photosensitivity of 180 - 200 mA/Im), electrostatic inversion, and electron acceleration to achieve gain. Consequently, Gen I was the first passive image intensifier. Gen I is characterized by geometric distortion, weak performance at low light levels, and blooming. Expected lifespan is 1500 hours.



Galileo Computer Based Microscope

Galileo Computer Based Microscope

Features Laptop not included Magnification: 300x Optical glass lenses Metal stand .3 megapixel camera Camera doubles as a web cam Capture still images and video Image capturing software Web cam stand 2 prepared slides 10 blank slides 12 blank labels 12 slide covers Instruction manual 1-year limited manufacturer warranty


Quality digital cameras and equipment for good prizes:  From Digital Concepts, Hewlett-Packard, Nikon, Olympus, Panasonic, Pentax, Samsung, Sony, Casio, Digital Blue, Disney, FujiFilm, Girl Gear, Hallo Kitty, Rollei, Sakar, Sealife, Sigma, Spy Chix, VuPoints

All types of camera accessories: Digital SLR, Compact Cameras, Digital Picture Frames, Camera & Printer Kits, Lenses, Memory, Batteries, Bags & Cases, Filters, Tripods, Flashes, Tutorials, Studio Lighting, Docking Stations, Software. Free shipping and no sales tax. Please click at this banner to exactly the camera or equipment you want.
 

Digital Cameras

 

 

ALL KINDS OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT

Consumer electronics: Computers, Televisions, DVD Players / Recorders, Home Audio / Video, MP3 Players / iPod Accessories, Satellite Radio, Headphones, Mobile Audio / Video, GPS / Navigation, Home Electronics, Telephones & Fax, Personal Electronics, Electronic Accessories

 

Save On All MP3 players

MP3 Players at RitzCamera.com

 

Accessories for all types of laptop equipment from all brands and for all models for good prizes: Examples: Laptop Batteries, PDA Batteries, MP3 Batteries, Digital. Camera Batteries, Camcorder Batteries, Universal Batteries, AC Adapters, Car Adapters, Airplane Adapters, Universal. Adapters, Printer Power Supplies, Chargers. GPS Receivers, Sync Cords, Fiber Optic Cables, HDMI. Cables, DC-DC Plugs • RPTV Lamps, Projector Lamps, iPod Accessories, MP3 Accessories, PDA Accessories. And more.

Laptop Accessories @ Factory price - Same Day Ship

 

 

MUSIC EQUIPMENT

Good collections of quality music equipment - All kinds of guitars, brass instruments, keyboards, drums, sound equipment and more.

GearTree.com Music Gear - Low Prices

Shop InstrumentPro for Musical Instruments

Product examples:

 

Behringer Usb Guitar Iaxe393

Behringer Usb Guitar Iaxe393

Behringer USB-GUITAR iAXE393 Behringer USB-GUITAR iAXE393 Description: The Ultimate Electric Guitar with Built-In USB Port to Connect Straight to Your Computer. Jam and Record with Killer Modeling Amps and Stomp Boxes. Laptop not included. Behringer USB-GUITAR iAXE393 Features : Plug this amazing USB-guitar straight into your computer and turn your PC or Mac® into a guitar amp and recording system without the need for any other hardware You get a top-notch electric guitar featuring a 22-fret maple neck, solid body, chrome machine heads, 3 single-coil pickups, 5-way switching and vintage vibrato bridge Enjoy immediate access to the included guitar amp and FX modeling software and to other software like NI Guitar Rig or Amplitube®Live as well as to common recording software such as GarageBand®, Logic® or Cubase® (not included) Play your MP3, WAV and AIFF audio files even with variable-speed which is perfect for easy learning and practicing All these accessories are included so you can start right away: USB-cable, adjustable guitar strap, 3 picks and padded gig bag Stereo headphone output with dedicated level control lets you jam with your computer Works with your PC or Mac®-all WDM and ASIO™ drivers included. Free audio recording and editing software downloadable at www.behringer.com Powered via USB bus-no external power supply needed Top-notch guitar and perfect construction for years of fun Conceived and designed by BEHRINGER Germany All Trademarks mentioned belong to their respective owners and are not affiliated with BEHRINGER® Get Your Behringer USB-GUITAR iAXE393 Today !




Jay Turser JT-200C

Jay Turser JT-200C

Jay Turser JT-200C Jay Turser JT-200C Features: Vintage style Single cutaway Llightweight, solid body Contoured top Maple set neck Rosewood fingerboard Traditional style black pickguard 2 humbucking pick-ups 2 Volume and 2 Tone Controls Chrome die-cast machines Colors; BK, PS, RS (BK available in left hand model) Get Your Jay Turser JT200C Today!


 

SOFTWARE AND ELECTRONIC GAMES

GamePass - By membership you get a new FREE game of your choice every month!.  Over 550 games to choose from and new releases every week. Get 25% to 75% off on all other games you decide to purchase. You can get advance notises of new releases and events.

Get Any Game FREE with GamePass

 

Games and software for very good prizes: In this shop you will find electronic games of all chathegories: Action,Adventure, Arcade, Board Games, Cards & Casino, Classics, Collections, Flight Sims, Hunting & Fishing, Kid Games, MahJonng & Tetris, Pinball, Puzzle, Racing, Role Playing, Simulations, Sports, Strategy, Trivia, War Games. This is also a general store for software and computer accessories where you can find any kind of software for good prizes.

Bargain Alert Blowouts of the Week!

 

 

SOME OTHER ITEMS

Skinstore: Products targeted against any type of medical skin problem: Whiteheads, blackheads, pimples, eczema, irritation, inflammation, skin hurt by the sun, cellulites, wrincles, miscolored skin, and more.

 

Products to help against many common diseases: Items based on herbs, vitamins, minerals and anti-oxydants targeted at specific health problems. By clicking this link, you will se a menu where you can choose the names of specific diseases or health problems. Then you will get a presentation of the product for the purpose of helping against that exact problem. You find products for skin conditions, heart and circulation, problems with nose, throut and lungs, muscular and joint conditions, difficulties with the digestive functions, hormonal imbalances, nervous and mental symptoms, hormonal problems like slow thyroid production, urinary and reproductive organs, and more.

Pleace click here to find the right product

 

OILS, CREAMS, MASSAGE MEDIA, PILLS against rheumatism, skin problems, overweight and more - Here you find many good topical oinments for body massage against rheumatic diseases, stiff and painfull muscles, hurt tendons and troubled joints. Here are also creams to treat acne, rosacea, wounded skin, irritated skin, skin itching and hemorrhoids. You also find products for weight loss and items to maintain general good health.