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Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 – Symptoms, Causes and Treatment
Diabetes type 2 is a lifestyle disease that often can be prevented or controlled by a proper diet and exercise. Here is a survey of the causes, symptoms and treatment options by this disease.
Special areas in the pancreas gland, the Islets of Langerhans, produce a hormone called insulin. This hormone is a protein of small size. Insulin stimulates muscle cells and other body cells to take up glucose from the blood and convert the glucose to glycogen, a kind of starch, and then store the glycogen. By need the body cells convert the glycogen to glucose and use it as fuel. In this way insulin keeps the glucose level in the blood at a normal size.
By diabetes type 2, the cells in the body do not react properly by stimulation from insulin. Therefore they do not take in enough glucose from the blood to store it or to use it as energy source. This condition is called insulin resistance. The amount of glucose in the blood therefore rises. Also the insulin production can rise to regulate the glucose amount down, but this effort to reduce the blood glucose is not effective enough. If the disease persists for many years, the insulin production may tire out, so that the amount of secreted insulin decreases.
THE CAUSES AND MECHANISMS OF DIABETES TYPE 2
The exact mechanism that causes the disease is not known. There may be an autoimmune response to insulin or to the molecules on the cell surfaces that the insulin connects to. However, these lifestyle factors can cause the disease:
-Too high consume of sugar and fat
-Over-weight
-Too less exercise over many years.
Therefore diabetes type 2 can be prevented by a right diet and with regular exercise.
When the glucose uptake into the body cells is reduced, but glucose instead accumulates in the blood, the following physiological effects occur:
-The body cells do not get enough fuel for the work they shall do.
-The molecular thickness (osmality) of the blood increases. This causes water to be pulled out from the body tissues and into the blood. The tissues thus get dried out and the urine production increases.
-The tissues begin to break down protein and fat to get energy, causing weight loss and muscular reduction.
The symptoms of diabetes type 2 are a consequence of these mechanisms.
THE SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES TYPE 2
Diabetes type 2 is the most common kind of diabetes, actually 10 times more common than diabetes type 1, where the insulin production is reduced or stopped. The disease usually appears after the age of 50, but the high sugar and fat consume in western countries nowadays also causes young persons to acquire the disease. Symptoms of diabetes type 2 come gradually. The symptoms are.
-Increased urine production
-Dehydration, that is a lack of water in the body
-Abnormal high thirst
-Dry mouth
-Increased appetite
-Slow healing of physical injuries
-Itching in the skin
-Infections caused by yeasts
-Impaired vision
In the long turn, the disease can cause atherosclerosis with blood vessel narrowing, heart disease and stroke.
ABOUT THE MODERN EPIDEMICS OF DIABETES TYPE 2
Many of the factors disposing for diabetes type II are common in the modern life of north Americans and Western Europeans, especially high consume of carbohydrates and fat, over-weight and lack of physical exercise. The factores are also by now common even for children and young people. The result of this development of common habits, have made diabetes type II steadilly more frequent inn all age generations, even by teenagers.
It is important that parents and the schools do what they can to counteract this development by offering the upgrowing generation right kind of food, learning them good eating habits and activizing them physically. Unfortunately there is a tendensy both from parents and from authorities deling with kids and teens to do the opposite.
THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES TYPE 2
The treatment of diabetes type 2 is most often diet with a low sugar amount and weight reduction. These measures will lighten the burden upon the blood sugar control of the body so that it manages to normalize the blood sugar levels. If this does not work good enough, medicines to lower the blood sugar is used.
Such a diet can be made more or less systematic and consequent. The content of proteins in such a diet is fairly high. The total amount of energy sources like sugar and fat must be enough to cover the energy need of the body, but not more.
Some people will prefere to base the energy need more on fat than carbohydrates, and some doctors recommand that. However, other doctores will warn against using mostly fat for energy supply.
In either case, the fat consumed should be of natural ,unprocessed type. It should be based on a blending of monounsaturated fat as found in olive oil, almonds and rape oil, of omega-3-fat as found in fish, seafood and flax oil and on omega-6-fat as found in soy oil, sunflower seeds and most nuts, and of a minor amount of saturated fat as found in milk, red meat and diaery products. The different fat types have very different good effects for the body and side effects if over-consumed. By blending all natural fat types this way one gets all the good effects and little of the bads effects of fat.
The carbohydrates consumed should be of the low glycemic type, that is the type that is slowly processed in the digestive tract and absorbed into the blood stream. Such carbohydrates are those found in peas and beans, full corn bread and full corn cereals. The sugar consumed by eating sweet fruit is also tolllaerable to some extend. Added sugar is very bad because it is very hastedly absorbed.
Regular exercises are also an important treatment module of diabestes type 2.
If one is over-weight, one should take off body fat and normalize the weight. Most people nowadays are actually too fat, and the ideal is actually to bring the weight somewhat under that which is concidered normal by most people. If one for a period consume each day a little less fat and carbohydrates that needed for the energy consume, and does some exercize, one will loose weight.
If the insulin production is reduced, insulin injections are also used.
There are also natural products in the market that can help to normalize the blood sugar level by diabetes type 2. Those products cannot heal the disease, but they can help the body to regulate the blood sugar. These products contain minerals that are working components of enzymes that stimulate the glucose metabolism in the body. They also contain herbs that have been used for a long time in traditional medicine to regulate the glucose level and have proven their effects in scientific studies.
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These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. This information is nutritional in nature and should not be construed as medical advice. This notice is required by the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act.